Ice Buckets, Viruses and Math

Why do people like me write about the ALS Ice Bucket Challenge (IBC)? Because we have to. If we don’t have an opinion, we look … unopinionated. That’s like one politician saying to an opponent, “You know, that is a pretty good idea!” Deadly.

I will attempt to titillate whilst opining on said topic.

My brain buddy Otis Fulton, Turnkey’s shanghaied neuropsychologist, weighed in on why the IBC went viral. “The ice bucket challenge was the most successful viral campaign of its kind. When something goes viral, it gains the power of what psychologists call ‘social validation.’ When something circulates virally, other people want to join in to become part of the group.

“What determines something that goes viral as opposed to things that do not? It turns out that the most important element of something going viral is that it elicits a strong emotional reaction. And it turns out that dumping ice water onto yourself is very emotionally stimulating — both physically and psychologically. Couple this with a call to action — challenging friends and family to imitate you – and a viral sensation is born.”

So what Otis is saying, in my words, is that what other people think is really important to us. If we see a group of people doing something, however weird that something might be, we want to do it too.

That implies both an opportunity and a responsibility. The opportunity is to raise a bunch of money by creating an opportunity for social validation connected to fundraising; the responsibility is to make sure it is safe and brand-compliant.

The other part of this interesting conversation is that we can mimic an emotional response with a physical one (iced water on the body is incredibly physical).

There are lots of ways to talk about the IBC. One way is this: (Social validation + ((emotional or physical response)+call to action) = Going Viral.

Otis Fulton, Ph.D.

Otis Fulton, Ph.D., spent most of his career in the education industry, working at the psychometric research and development firm MetaMetrics Inc., Pearson Education and others. Since 2013, he has focused on the nonprofit sector, applying psychology to fundraising and donor behavior at TurnkeyHe is the co-author of the 2017 book, ”Dollar Dash: The Behavioral Economics of Peer-to-Peer Fundraising,” and the 2023 book, "Social Fundraising: Mining the New Peer-to-Peer Landscape,"  and is a frequent speaker at national nonprofit conferences. With Katrina VanHuss, he co-authors a blog at NonProfit PRO, “Peeling the Onion,” on the intersection of psychology and philanthropy.

Otis is a much sought-after copywriter for nonprofit fundraising messages. He has written campaigns for UNICEF, St. Jude’s Children’s Research Hospital, March of Dimes, Susan G. Komen, the USO and dozens of other organizations. He has a Ph.D. in social psychology from Virginia Commonwealth University and a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Virginia, where he also played on UVA’s first ACC champion basketball team.

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